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Mary Dyer being led to the gallows
- 1660 – Mary Dyer (pictured) was hanged in Boston for repeatedly defying a law banning Quakers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
- 1676 – Scanian War: The Swedish warship Kronan, one of the largest ships in the world at the time, sank at the Battle of Öland with the loss of around 800 men.
- 1861 – The first land battle of the American Civil War after Fort Sumter took place in the village of Fairfax, Virginia.
- 1942 – World War II: The crews of three Japanese submarines scuttled their vessels and committed suicide after entering Sydney Harbour and launching a failed attack.
- 2015 – The river cruise ship Dongfang zhi Xing capsized in the Yangtze, resulting in 442 deaths in China's worst peacetime maritime disaster.
- Marguerite Porete (d. 1310)
- Lady Clementina Hawarden (b. 1822)
- Parveen Kumar (b. 1942)
June 2: Festa della Repubblica in Italy (1946)
Luigi Galleani
- 455 – After having removed Petronius Maximus from the imperial throne, Vandals led by Genseric entered Rome and began sacking the city for two weeks.
- 1802 – Henry Hacking killed the Aboriginal Australian resistance fighter Pemulwuy after Philip Gidley King ordered that he be brought in dead or alive.
- 1919 – First Red Scare: The anarchist followers of Luigi Galleani (pictured) set off eight bombs in eight cities across the United States.
- 1967 – Benno Ohnesorg, a German university student, was killed in West Berlin while protesting against the visit of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran, sparking the formation of the militant 2 June Movement.
- 1994 – The Royal Air Force suffered its worst peacetime disaster when a Chinook helicopter crashed on the Mull of Kintyre in Scotland, killing all 29 people on board.
- Ogata Kōrin (d. 1716)
- Adelaide Casely-Hayford (b. 1868)
- Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry (d. 1982)
June 3: Anniversary of Khomeini's Death in Iran (1989); Martyrs Day in Uganda
Anfield, home of Liverpool F.C.
- 1770 – Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo, a historic Catholic mission church in present-day Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, and the site of the first Christian confirmation in Alta California, was established.
- 1892 – Liverpool F.C. (stadium pictured), one of England's most successful football clubs, was founded.
- 1940 – Franz Rademacher, a Nazi official, proposed that the island of Madagascar be made available as a destination for the resettlement of the Jewish population of Europe.
- 1963 – Buddhist crisis: South Vietnamese Army soldiers attacked protesting Buddhists in Huế, with liquid chemicals from tear gas grenades, causing 67 people to be hospitalised.
- 1982 – A failed assassination attempt was made on Shlomo Argov, the Israeli ambassador to the United Kingdom; this was later used as justification for the First Lebanon War.
- Staurakios (d. 800)
- Georges Bizet (d. 1875)
- Susannah Constantine (b. 1962)
June 4: Trianon Treaty Day in Romania (1920)
Engraving of Old St Paul's Cathedral before the fire
- 1561 – The spire of Old St Paul's Cathedral (depicted) in London was destroyed by fire, probably caused by lightning.
- 1784 – Élisabeth Thible became the first woman to fly in an untethered hot air balloon, covering 4 km (2.5 mi) and reaching an estimated 1,500 m (4,900 ft) altitude.
- 1920 – The Kingdom of Hungary lost 72 percent of its territory and 64 percent of its population with the signing of the Treaty of Trianon in Paris.
- 1942 – World War II: The Battle of Midway, a major battle of the Pacific War, began with a massive Japanese offensive on American forces on Midway Atoll.
- 1989 – Following the death of Ruhollah Khomeini, the Assembly of Experts elected Ali Khamenei to be Supreme Leader of Iran.
- Johan Rudolph Thorbecke (d. 1872)
- W. H. R. Rivers (d. 1922)
- Rodolfo Quezada Toruño (d. 2012)
June 5: First day of Shavuot (Judaism, 2022); Constitution Day in Denmark
John Profumo
- 663 – The Daming Palace in Chang'an became the seat of government and the royal residence of the Tang dynasty during the reign of Emperor Gaozong.
- 1305 – Raymond Bertrand de Got was elected Pope Clement V, succeeding Benedict XI, who died the previous year.
- 1862 – Vietnamese guerrilla leader Trương Định chose to fight on against European forces, defying Emperor Tự Đức and the Treaty of Saigon.
- 1963 – British politician John Profumo (pictured) admitted that he had lied to the House of Commons about his involvement in a sex scandal with Christine Keeler, and resigned from government.
- 1997 – Anticipating a coup attempt, President Pascal Lissouba of the Republic of the Congo ordered the detainment of his rival Denis Sassou Nguesso, initiating a second civil war.
- Johann Kuhnau (d. 1722)
- Theippan Maung Wa (b. 1899)
- Elizabeth Gloster (b. 1949)
June 6: Queen's Official Birthday in New Zealand (2022); National Day of Sweden; Western Australia Day (2022)
Syrian soldiers in Raqqa
- 1749 – A plot by Muslim slaves in Malta to assassinate Manuel Pinto da Fonseca of the Knights Hospitaller was uncovered.
- 1822 – Alexis St. Martin, a Canadian voyageur, was accidentally shot in the stomach; medical investigations of his injury led to a greater understanding of the processes of digestion.
- 1894 – Governor Davis Hanson Waite ordered the Colorado state militia to protect and support miners engaged in a five-month strike in Cripple Creek.
- 1982 – Falklands War: The Royal Navy destroyer HMS Cardiff engaged and destroyed a British Army helicopter in a friendly-fire incident.
- 2017 – Syrian civil war: The Syrian Democratic Forces (soldiers pictured) opened the Second Battle of Raqqa, the final phase of the Raqqa campaign, capturing the de facto capital of the Islamic State four months later.
- Jeremy Bentham (d. 1832)
- Lillian Russell (d. 1922)
- Natalie Morales (b. 1972)
June 7: Journalist's Day in Argentina (1810)
Mariano Moreno
- 1692 – An earthquake registering approximately 7.5 Mw caused Port Royal, Jamaica, to sink below sea level and killed approximately 5,000 people.
- 1810 – Journalist Mariano Moreno (pictured) published Argentina's first newspaper, the Gazeta de Buenos-Ayres.
- 1917 – First World War: The British Army detonated 19 ammonal mines under German lines, killing 10,000 in the deadliest non-nuclear man-made explosion in history.
- 1948 – Anti-Jewish riots broke out in the French protectorate in Morocco, during which 44 people were killed and 150 injured.
- 1969 – The rock supergroup Blind Faith, featuring Eric Clapton, Steve Winwood and Ginger Baker, played their only UK show in London's Hyde Park in front of 100,000 fans.
- Roderigo Lopes (d. 1594)
- Joseph von Fraunhofer (d. 1826)
- Allen Iverson (b. 1975)
Margaret Bondfield
- 218 – Led by the inexperienced Gannys, Elagabalus's legions defeated the forces of Roman emperor Macrinus at the Battle of Antioch.
- 1826 – In York, Upper Canada, members of the Family Compact destroyed William Lyon Mackenzie's printing press in the Types Riot after Mackenzie accused them of corruption.
- 1929 – Margaret Bondfield (pictured) became the first female member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom when she was named Minister of Labour by Ramsay MacDonald.
- 1972 – Vietnam War: Associated Press photographer Nick Ut took a Pulitzer Prize–winning photograph of a naked nine-year-old Phan Thi Kim Phuc fleeing after being burned by napalm.
- 1982 – Falklands War: The Argentine Air Force attacked British transport ships while unloading supplies off Bluff Cove in the Falkland Islands, killing 56 British servicemen and wounding 150 others.
- Harthacnut (d. 1042)
- Lucy Arbell (b. 1878)
- Irina Lăzăreanu (b. 1982)
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Burning of Gaspee
- 1523 – Parisian printer Simon de Colines was fined for printing biblical commentary by Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples without obtaining prior approval from theologians.
- 1772 – In an act of defiance against the Navigation Acts, American colonists led by Abraham Whipple attacked and burned the British schooner Gaspee (depicted).
- 1856 – The first company of Mormon handcart pioneers left Iowa City for Salt Lake City, Utah.
- 1965 – Fighting began between the Viet Cong and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam in the Battle of Đồng Xoài, one of the largest battles in the Vietnam War.
- 2010 – A child suicide bomber attacked a wedding in Nadahan, Afghanistan, killing at least 40 people and injuring at least 70 others.
- William Feiner (d. 1829)
- Emma Louisa Turner (b. 1867)
- Hein Eersel (b. 1922)
Frederick Barbarossa
- 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick Barbarossa (pictured), Holy Roman Emperor, drowned in the Saleph River in Anatolia.
- 1692 – Bridget Bishop became the first person to be executed for witchcraft in the Salem witch trials in colonial Massachusetts.
- 1878 – The League of Prizren was officially founded to "struggle in arms to defend the wholeness of the territories of Albania".
- 1925 – The United Church of Canada, the country's largest Protestant denomination, held its inaugural service at the Mutual Street Arena in Toronto.
- 2008 – Sudan Airways Flight 109 crashed on landing at Khartoum International Airport, killing 30 of the 214 occupants on board.
- Theodor Philipsen (b. 1840)
- Margarito Bautista (b. 1878)
- Margaret Abbott (d. 1955)
June 11: Queen's Official Birthday in Tuvalu and the United Kingdom (2022)
Afonso of Brazil
- 1345 – Inspecting a new prison without being escorted by his bodyguard, the megas doux Alexios Apokaukos, chief minister of the Byzantine Empire, was lynched by the prisoners.
- 1847 – Prince Afonso (pictured) died at the age of two, leaving his father Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil, without a male heir.
- 1962 – American criminals Clarence Anglin, John Anglin and Frank Morris escaped from Alcatraz Island, one of the United States' most famous prisons.
- 1982 – Steven Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial was released, and went on to set the record for the highest-grossing film of all time, which it held for 11 years.
- 2012 – Two earthquakes struck northern Afghanistan, triggering a massive landslide that buried a village and killed 75 people.
- Millicent Fawcett (b. 1847)
- Julius Evola (d. 1974)
- Taha Karaan (d. 2021)
June 12: Dia dos Namorados in Brazil; Independence Day in the Philippines (1898); Loving Day in the United States (1967)
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Anne Frank
- 1798 – Following the successful French invasion of Malta, the Knights Hospitaller surrendered Malta to Napoleon, initiating two years of occupation.
- 1899 – The New Richmond tornado killed 117 people and injured 125 others in the Upper Midwest region of the United States.
- 1942 – On her thirteenth birthday, Anne Frank (pictured) began keeping a diary during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
- 1991 – More than 150 Sri Lankan Tamil civilians were massacred by members of the military in the village of Kokkadichcholai.
- Thomas Farnaby (d. 1647)
- Egwale Seyon (d. 1818)
- Javed Miandad (b. 1957)
USS Jeannette
- 1525 – Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, beginning the practice of clerical marriage in Protestantism.
- 1881 – The Jeannette expedition to reach the North Pole from the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait came to an end when the USS Jeannette (pictured) was finally crushed and sank after having been trapped in ice for almost two years.
- 1935 – In one of the biggest upsets in championship boxing, the underdog James J. Braddock defeated Max Baer to become the heavyweight champion of the world.
- 1952 – Soviet aircraft shot down a Swedish military plane carrying out signals-intelligence gathering operations, followed three days later by the shootdown of a second plane searching for the first one.
- 1983 – Pioneer 10 passed the orbit of Neptune, becoming the first man-made object to leave the proximity of the major planets of the Solar System.
- Mansur I (d. 976)
- Charles Algernon Parsons (b. 1854)
- Christo and Jeanne-Claude (b. 1935)
Babbage's difference engine
- 1777 – The Second Continental Congress adopted the stars and stripes design for the flag of the United States.
- 1822 – In a paper presented to the Royal Astronomical Society, English mathematician Charles Babbage proposed a difference engine (pictured), an automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions.
- 1900 – The second of the German Naval Laws was passed, authorising the doubling in size of the Imperial German Navy.
- 1944 – Second World War: The British Army abandoned its attempt to capture the German-occupied city of Caen.
- 1966 – The Vatican formally abolished its 427-year-old list of prohibited books.
- Henry Vane the Younger (d. 1662)
- Karl Landsteiner (b. 1868)
- Mimi Parent (d. 2005)
Queen Noor of Jordan
- 763 BC – The Bur-Sagale eclipse was observed in Assyria, the earliest solar eclipse mentioned in historical sources that has been successfully identified.
- 1896 – An earthquake registering 8.5 Mw and subsequent tsunami struck Japan, killing at least 22,000 people and destroying about 9,000 homes.
- 1920 – Three African-American circus workers were lynched by a mob in Duluth, Minnesota, a crime that shocked the country for having taken place in the Northern United States.
- 1978 – King Hussein of Jordan married American Lisa Halaby, who became known as Queen Noor of Jordan (pictured).
- 2012 – American acrobat Nik Wallenda became the first person to walk a tightrope stretched directly over Niagara Falls.
- Eadburh of Winchester (d. 960)
- Antoine-François de Fourcroy (b. 1755)
- Choi Hong-hi (d. 2002)
June 16: Feast of Corpus Christi (Western Christianity, 2022)
Liu Yang
- 632 – The final king of the Sasanian Empire of Iran, Yazdegerd III, ascended the throne at the age of eight.
- 1819 – A strong earthquake in the Kutch district of Gujarat, India, caused a local zone of uplift that dammed the Nara River, which was later named the Allah Bund ('Dam of God').
- 1904 – Irish author James Joyce began a relationship with Nora Barnacle, and subsequently used the date to set the actions for his 1922 novel Ulysses, commemorated as Bloomsday.
- 1972 – English musician David Bowie released his breakthrough album, The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars.
- 2012 – Liu Yang (pictured), a member of the Shenzhou 9 crew, became the first Chinese woman in space.
- Yang Jisheng (b. 1516)
- Mohammad Mosaddegh (b. 1882)
- Mel Allen (d. 1996)
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William Cornwallis
- 1397 – The kingdoms of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway formed the Kalmar Union, a personal union under Eric of Pomerania.
- 1579 – Explorer Francis Drake landed in a region of present-day California, naming it New Albion and claiming it for England.
- 1795 – French Revolutionary Wars: Off the coast of Brittany, a Royal Navy squadron commanded by William Cornwallis (pictured) fended off a numerically superior French Navy fleet.
- 1952 – Guatemalan Revolution: The Guatemalan Congress passed Decree 900, redistributing unused land greater than 224 acres (0.91 km2) in area to local peasants.
- 2015 – A white supremacist committed a mass shooting at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine people during a prayer service.
- M. C. Escher (b. 1898)
- Annie S. Swan (d. 1943)
- Grace Towns Hamilton (d. 1992)
Cavalry at the Battle of Waterloo
- 1757 – Third Silesian War: The Austrian victory at the Battle of Kolín forced Prussian leader Frederick the Great to give up the Siege of Prague and retreat to Saxony.
- 1815 – War of the Seventh Coalition: Napoleon fought and lost his final battle, the Battle of Waterloo (depicted), in present-day Belgium.
- 1972 – British European Airways Flight 548 crashed near Staines-upon-Thames less than three minutes after departing from Heathrow Airport in London, killing all 118 people aboard in the worst air accident in the UK.
- 1982 – The body of Italian banker Roberto Calvi, nicknamed "God's Banker" due to his close association with the Holy See, was found hanging from scaffolding beneath London's Blackfriars Bridge.
- 2012 – Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was appointed the crown prince of Saudi Arabia.
- Rogier van der Weyden (d. 1464)
- Isabella Rossellini (b. 1952)
- Kofoworola Abeni Pratt (d. 1992)
June 19: Juneteenth in the United States (1865)
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Julian Assange
- 1846 – The first officially recorded baseball game in U.S. history using modern rules was played in Hoboken, New Jersey, with the "New York Nine" defeating the New York Knickerbockers 23–1.
- 1867 – Second French intervention in Mexico: Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico was executed by firing squad in Querétaro City.
- 1965 – Nguyễn Cao Kỳ, the head of the South Vietnam Air Force, was appointed prime minister at the head of a military regime, ending two years of short-lived military juntas.
- 1970 – The international Patent Cooperation Treaty was signed, providing a unified procedure for filing patent applications to protect inventions in each of its contracting states.
- 2012 – Facing allegations of sexual assault in Sweden, Julian Assange (pictured), the founder of WikiLeaks, requested asylum at the Ecuadorian embassy in London.
- Guru Hargobind (b. 1595)
- Sarah Rosetta Wakeman (d. 1864)
- Aage Bohr (b. 1922)
Queen Victoria
- 1837 – Queen Victoria (pictured) acceded to the British throne, beginning a 63-year reign.
- 1926 – Approximately 250,000 spectators attended the opening procession of the 28th International Eucharistic Congress in Chicago, United States.
- 1959 – The extratropical remnants of an Atlantic hurricane reached the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada, causing 22 fishing boats to capsize and killing 35 people.
- 1960 – The Mali Federation gained independence from France, but dissolved into Mali and Senegal two months later.
- 1982 – The International Conference on the Holocaust and Genocide, the first major conference in genocide studies, opened despite Turkish attempts to cancel it due to the inclusion of presentations on the Armenian genocide.
- Anna Laetitia Barbauld (b. 1743)
- Juan Larrea (d. 1847)
- Olympia Dukakis (b. 1931)
June 21: June solstice (09:14 UTC, 2022); Fête de la Musique; National Indigenous Peoples Day in Canada
Replica of the Manchester Baby
- 217 BC – Second Punic War: The Carthaginians under Hannibal carried out one of the largest military ambushes in history and overwhelmingly defeated the Romans at the Battle of Lake Trasimene.
- 1848 – In the Wallachian Revolution, Ion Heliade Rădulescu and Christian Tell proclaimed a new republican government in present-day Romania.
- 1948 – The Manchester Baby (replica pictured), the world's first stored-program computer, ran its first computer program.
- 2000 – President Bill Clinton awarded the Medal of Honor to 22 Asian Americans, mostly from the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, for actions during World War II.
- Rodulf (d. 866)
- Claude Auchinleck (b. 1884)
- Lana Del Rey (b. 1985)
Laura Secord warning James FitzGibbon
- 1813 – War of 1812: After learning of a forthcoming American attack, Laura Secord walked 20 mi (32 km) from Queenston, Upper Canada, to warn British lieutenant James FitzGibbon (depicted).
- 1911 – King George V and Queen Mary of Teck were crowned at Westminster Abbey in London.
- 1966 – Vietnamese Buddhist activist leader Thích Trí Quang was arrested as the military junta of Nguyễn Cao Kỳ crushed the Buddhist Uprising.
- 2002 – An earthquake registering 6.5 Mw struck northwestern Iran, killing at least 230 people and injuring 1,300 others, and later causing widespread public anger at the slow official response.
- 2009 – Two Metro trains collided in Washington, D.C., killing nine people and injuring eighty others.
- Sayf al-Dawla (b. 916)
- Maximilian von Spee (b. 1861)
- Elizabeth Warren (b. 1949)
June 23: Grand Duke's Official Birthday in Luxembourg
Patsy Mink
- 1280 – Reconquista: Troops of the Emirate of Granada defeated those of the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of León in the Battle of Moclín.
- 1594 – Anglo-Spanish War: During the Action of Faial, an English attempt to capture a Portuguese carrack, reputedly one of the richest ever to set sail from the Indies, caused it to explode with all the treasure lost.
- 1972 – President Richard Nixon signed Title IX (co-author Patsy Mink pictured) into law as part of the Education Amendments, prohibiting gender discrimination in any educational program receiving U.S. federal funds.
- 1982 – Chinese American Vincent Chin died after being beaten into a coma in Highland Park, Michigan, U.S., by two automotive workers who were angry about the success of Japanese auto companies.
- Frances McDormand (b. 1957)
- Sanjay Gandhi (d. 1980)
- Betty Shabazz (d. 1997)
Julia Gillard
- 474 – Western Roman emperor Glycerius, who was not recognized by his Eastern counterpart Leo I, was forced to abdicate.
- 1340 – Hundred Years' War: The English fleet commanded by Edward III almost completely destroyed the French fleet at the Battle of Sluys.
- 1932 – A group of military officers and civilians engineered a bloodless coup in Siam, ending the absolute rule of the Chakri dynasty.
- 1937 – The U.S. Navy's first two fast battleships, North Carolina and Washington, of the North Carolina class, were respectively ordered from the New York and Philadelphia Naval Shipyards.
- 2010 – Julia Gillard (pictured) was sworn in as the first female prime minister of Australia after incumbent Kevin Rudd declined to contest a leadership spill in the Labor Party.
- John Hampden (d. 1643)
- Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d'Argens (b. 1704)
- Minor White (d. 1976)
Michael Jackson in 1993
- 1658 – Anglo-Spanish War: The largest battle ever fought on Jamaica, the three-day Battle of Rio Nuevo, began.
- 1910 – The United States Congress passed the Mann Act, which prohibited the interstate transport of females for "immoral purposes".
- 1950 – The Korean War began with North Korean forces launching a pre-dawn raid over the 38th parallel into South Korea.
- 1967 – More than an estimated 400 million people viewed Our World, the first live international satellite television production.
- 2009 – Singer Michael Jackson (pictured) died as a result of the combination of drugs in his body.
- David Douglas (b. 1799)
- George Orwell (b. 1903)
- Hillel Slovak (d. 1988)
Liquid fluorine
- 1243 – Mongol invasions of Anatolia: Mongols achieved a decisive victory over the Seljuq Turks, leading to the decline and disintegration of the Seljuk state.
- 1886 – French chemist Henri Moissan successfully isolated elemental fluorine (pictured in liquid state), for which he later won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- 1907 – Organized by Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin, among others, Bolshevik revolutionaries robbed a bank stagecoach in Tiflis, present-day Georgia.
- 1997 – J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, the first book in the Harry Potter fantasy novel series, is released.
- Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin (b. 1699)
- Ebenezer Pemberton (d. 1835)
- David Goldblatt (d. 2018)
Artist's impression of Hayabusa2
- 1869 – One day after surrendering at the Battle of Hakodate, Enomoto Takeaki turned the fort of Goryōkaku over to Japanese forces, signaling the collapse of the Republic of Ezo.
- 1899 – A. E. J. Collins scored 628 runs not out, the highest recorded score in cricket until being surpassed in 2016.
- 1976 – The first identifiable case of Ebola occurred in Sudan.
- 1994 – Members of the Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo released sarin gas in Matsumoto, Nagano, killing eight people and injuring more than five hundred others.
- 2018 – The Japanese space probe Hayabusa2 (artist's impression pictured) arrived at the asteroid Ryugu to collect samples for return to Earth.
- Ranjit Singh (d. 1839)
- Guilhermina Suggia (b. 1885)
- Wanda Gág (d. 1946)
Anna Pavlova as Giselle
- 572 – Alboin, the king of the Lombards, was assassinated in Verona in a coup d'état instigated by the Byzantines.
- 1841 – Giselle (title role pictured), a ballet by the French composer Adolphe Adam, was first performed at the Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique in Paris.
- 1904 – In the worst maritime disaster involving a Danish merchant ship, SS Norge ran aground on Hasselwood Rock and sank in the North Atlantic, resulting in more than 635 deaths.
- 1942 – World War II: The Wehrmacht launched Case Blue, a strategic German offensive to capture oil fields in the south of the Soviet Union.
- 1978 – In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the U.S. Supreme Court barred quota systems in college admissions but held that affirmative-action programs advantaging minorities were constitutional.
- James Tuchet, 7th Baron Audley (d. 1497)
- William Hooper (b. 1742)
- Franz Stangl (d. 1971)
June 29: Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Western Christianity)
Wreckage of the St-Hilaire train disaster
- 1613 – The original Globe Theatre in London burned to the ground after a cannon employed for special effects misfired during a performance of Henry VIII and ignited the roof.
- 1864 – A passenger train fell through an open swing bridge into the Richelieu River near present-day Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, killing as many as 99 people and injuring 100 others in Canada's worst railway accident (wreckage pictured).
- 1967 – Actress Jayne Mansfield, her boyfriend Sam Brody, and their driver were killed in a car accident outside of New Orleans, while her children Miklós, Zoltán, and Mariska Hargitay escaped with only minor injuries.
- 1995 – Atlantis became the first U.S. Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station Mir as part of the Shuttle–Mir program.
- Ludwig Beck (b. 1880)
- Charles Lyon Chandler (d. 1962)
- Jane Birdwood, Baroness Birdwood (d. 2000)
Tower Bridge, London
- 1860 – Seven months after the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species, prominent British scientists and philosophers participated in an evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.
- 1894 – London's Tower Bridge (pictured), a combined bascule and suspension bridge over the River Thames, was inaugurated.
- 1922 – An agreement was signed to end the United States occupation of the Dominican Republic.
- 1960 – The Belgian Congo gained independence from colonial rule, beginning a period of instability that would lead to the dictatorship of Joseph-Désiré Mobutu.
- 2015 – An Indonesian Air Force military transport aircraft crashed near a residential neighborhood in Medan, killing 139 people.
- William Oughtred (d. 1660)
- Eleanor Sophia Smith (d. 1942)
- Tony Fernández (b. 1962)
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